Python：rsa 库高级用法举例和应用详解

import rsa  # 导入rsa库

# 生成一对新的公钥和私钥，1024位长度
(public_key, private_key) = rsa.newkeys(1024)  # 生成密钥对

# 将公钥和私钥保存为文件
with open('public_key.pem', 'wb') as pub_file:  # 以二进制写入模式打开文件存储公钥
    pub_file.write(public_key.save_pkcs1())  # 保存公钥

with open('private_key.pem', 'wb') as priv_file:  # 以二进制写入模式打开文件存储私钥
    priv_file.write(private_key.save_pkcs1())  # 保存私钥

import rsa  # 导入rsa库

# 加载之前生成的公钥
with open('public_key.pem', 'rb') as pub_file:  # 以二进制读入模式打开公钥文件
    public_key = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(pub_file.read())  # 读取并加载公钥

# 原始消息
message = b'Hello, this is a secret message!'  # 定义待加密的消息

# 使用公钥进行加密
encrypted_message = rsa.encrypt(message, public_key)  # 加密消息
print(f'Encrypted message: {encrypted_message}')  # 输出加密后的消息

# 加载之前生成的私钥
with open('private_key.pem', 'rb') as priv_file:  # 以二进制读入模式打开私钥文件
    private_key = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(priv_file.read())  # 读取并加载私钥

# 使用私钥进行解密
decrypted_message = rsa.decrypt(encrypted_message, private_key)  # 解密消息
print(f'Decrypted message: {decrypted_message.decode()}')  # 输出解密后的原消息

import rsa  # 导入rsa库

# 加载之前生成的私钥
with open('private_key.pem', 'rb') as priv_file:  # 以二进制读取模式打开私钥文件
    private_key = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(priv_file.read())  # 读取并加载私钥

# 原始消息
message = b'This message will be signed'  # 定义待签名的消息

# 创建数字签名
signature = rsa.sign(message, private_key, 'SHA-1')  # 使用私钥对消息进行签名
print(f'Signature: {signature}')  # 输出签名

# 加载之前生成的公钥
with open('public_key.pem', 'rb') as pub_file:  # 以二进制读取模式打开公钥文件
    public_key = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(pub_file.read())  # 读取并加载公钥

# 验证数字签名
try:
    rsa.verify(message, signature, public_key)  # 验证签名
    print('Signature is valid.')  # 签名有效
except rsa.VerificationError:  # 如果验证失败将引发异常
    print('Signature is invalid.')  # 签名无效